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Phormium

Phormium tenax and hybrids

New Zealand Flax
Shrubs

A clumping plant with stiff, sword-shaped leaves in green, bronze, burgundy, pink or striped forms, depending on variety. It adds bold, upright color to shaded courtyards and containers.

Small
Full shadetolerated
Ask a designer about it
Mature size2–6′ tall, depending on variety
Growth rateModerate
Water useModerate; needs good drainage
SunMorning sun, afternoon shade
BloomOccasional tall summer spikes; rare in pots
Cold hardinessAbout 20°F
FoliageEvergreen, sword-shaped; green, bronze, red or striped
PestsFew; mealybugs and snails at times

Living with it in the Phoenix Valley

Watering

Follow the shrub schedule in our Landscape Care guide. It needs steadier moisture than desert shrubs, especially in summer, but the soil must drain well. Soggy, compacted soil leads to root rot. Containers dry quickly in the heat and need closer attention.

Pruning

Remove dead or damaged leaves by cutting them off at the base. Little else is needed.

Heat and sun

Hot afternoon sun scorches the leaves in a Phoenix summer, and the colorful varieties fade or burn first. An east exposure or the shade of a building or tree canopy is the best home for it.

How our designers use it

Focal point in a pot

A single plant in a large container makes a strong accent at an entry or on a shaded patio.

Shaded courtyards

Its upright form and color brighten north- and east-facing spaces where most flowering shrubs bloom poorly.

Contrast with soft plants

The stiff leaves stand out against ferns, mondo grass and other fine-textured shade plants.

Good to know

Around the pool

Very little litter and no thorns. It suits a shaded corner of a pool deck, especially in a container.

Pairs well with

Similar plants

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Picturing one in your yard?

Our designers can show you where it will thrive, what to plant beneath it and how it fits the rest of your landscape.

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